An abdominal myomectomy is a surgical procedure to remove fibroids (noncancerous growths) from the uterus through an incision in the abdomen. This procedure is often recommended when fibroids cause heavy bleeding, pelvic pain, or fertility issues.
Why Is an Abdominal Myomectomy Performed?
- To relieve heavy menstrual bleeding caused by fibroids.
- To reduce pelvic pain and pressure from fibroids.
- To improve fertility by removing fibroids that interfere with implantation or pregnancy.
- To treat fibroids that are growing rapidly or causing urinary or bowel issues.
- To preserve the uterus while addressing fibroid-related symptoms.
Procedure Overview
- Preparation:
- Avoid eating or drinking for at least 8 hours before the procedure.
- A complete blood count (CBC) and other lab tests may be performed before surgery.
- You may need to stop taking certain medications, including blood thinners, before surgery.
- During the Procedure:
- The procedure is performed under general anesthesia.
- A horizontal or vertical incision is made in the lower abdomen.
- The uterus is accessed, and the fibroids are carefully removed.
- The uterus is reconstructed and the incision is closed with sutures.
- The procedure typically lasts 1 to 2 hours, depending on the size and number of fibroids.
- Aftercare:
- You may stay in the hospital for 1 to 3 days after the procedure.
- Expect some pain and discomfort for the first few days, managed with medication.
- Avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activity for at least 4 to 6 weeks.
- You may experience light spotting or discharge for up to 2 weeks.
- Follow up with your doctor to monitor healing and discuss future pregnancy plans.
Possible Risks and Complications
- Infection at the incision site.
- Heavy bleeding during or after the procedure.
- Scar tissue formation (adhesions) in the uterus or abdomen.
- Uterine rupture in future pregnancies (rare).
- Damage to nearby organs (bladder, bowel).
- Need for a hysterectomy if complications arise during surgery.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Is an abdominal myomectomy the only way to remove fibroids?
No, fibroids can also be removed through hysteroscopic or laparoscopic myomectomy, depending on their size and location.
2. How long does it take to recover from an abdominal myomectomy?
Full recovery usually takes about 4 to 6 weeks, but light activity can be resumed after 2 weeks.
3. Can fibroids come back after a myomectomy?
Yes, fibroids can grow back, especially if they were numerous or large. However, myomectomy is often successful in relieving symptoms.
4. Will an abdominal myomectomy affect my ability to get pregnant?
In most cases, a myomectomy improves fertility, but scarring or uterine rupture can complicate future pregnancies.
5. How soon can I try to get pregnant after an abdominal myomectomy?
You should wait at least 3 to 6 months before trying to conceive to allow proper healing of the uterus.
6. Is there a chance I will need a hysterectomy after a myomectomy?
In rare cases, complications such as heavy bleeding or damage to the uterus may require a hysterectomy.
7. What are the chances of fibroids causing problems during pregnancy after a myomectomy?
If the uterus is properly repaired, the chances of complications are low. However, uterine rupture is a rare but possible risk.