Colposcopy

A colposcopy is a procedure used to closely examine the cervix, vagina, and vulva for signs of disease. It is typically performed when Pap test results are abnormal or if there is a suspicion of cervical cancer or other abnormalities.

Reasons for a Colposcopy

• Abnormal Pap test results.
• Presence of high-risk HPV (Human Papillomavirus).
• Unexplained vaginal bleeding.
• Suspicion of cervical dysplasia (precancerous changes).
• Follow-up after previous abnormal cervical screening.

Procedure Overview

• Preparation:
  • Avoid sexual activity and tampon use 24 to 48 hours before the procedure.
  • Inform your doctor if you are pregnant or have any vaginal infections.
• Procedure:
  • You will lie on an exam table with your feet in stirrups.
  • A speculum is inserted into the vagina to hold the vaginal walls open.
  • The doctor uses a colposcope (a special magnifying instrument) to examine the cervix.
  • A vinegar or iodine solution may be applied to highlight abnormal areas.
  • If necessary, a small biopsy sample may be taken for further testing.
• Duration: The procedure typically takes 10 to 15 minutes.
• Aftercare: Mild cramping and spotting may occur for 1 to 2 days.

Aftercare and Recovery

• You may experience mild spotting or light bleeding for 1 to 2 days.
• Avoid sexual activity, tampon use, and douching for at least 48 hours.
• If a biopsy was taken, you may experience brown or black discharge due to the solution used to control bleeding.
• Pain relievers like ibuprofen can help with mild cramping.
• Contact your doctor if you experience heavy bleeding, severe pain, or signs of infection.

Possible Risks and Complications

• Mild bleeding or spotting.
• Cramping or discomfort.
• Infection (rare).
• Heavy bleeding (if a biopsy was taken).
• Scarring of the cervix (rare).