Diagnostic laparoscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to examine the pelvic organs and diagnose conditions such as endometriosis, adhesions, and ectopic pregnancy. A laparoscope (a thin tube with a camera) is inserted through small incisions in the abdomen to visualize the reproductive organs.
Reasons for Diagnostic Laparoscopy
- Unexplained pelvic pain.
- Suspected endometriosis or adhesions.
- Diagnosis and treatment of ectopic pregnancy.
- Evaluation of infertility.
- Unexplained bleeding or abnormal menstrual cycles.
Procedure Overview
- Preparation:
- Avoid eating or drinking for 8 hours before the procedure.
- Stop blood-thinning medications (like aspirin) as directed by your doctor.
- Arrange for someone to drive you home after the procedure.
- Procedure:
- Performed under general anesthesia.
- A small incision is made near the navel.
- Carbon dioxide gas is used to inflate the abdomen for better visibility.
- The laparoscope is inserted to examine the pelvic organs.
- If necessary, additional instruments are used through other small incisions to treat problems.
- Duration: The procedure typically takes 30 to 90 minutes.
- Aftercare: Mild cramping and soreness are common for a few days.
Conditions Diagnosed and Treated
- Endometriosis: Laparoscopy can confirm the presence and extent of endometriosis and remove affected tissue.
- Adhesions: Scar tissue can be removed to relieve pain or improve fertility.
- Ectopic Pregnancy: A pregnancy outside the uterus can be diagnosed and removed using laparoscopy.
- Ovarian Cysts: Cysts can be removed or treated during laparoscopy.
- Fibroids: Fibroids on the uterus can be examined and sometimes removed.
Aftercare and Recovery
- You may experience mild soreness and bloating due to the gas used during the procedure.
- Pain relief medications may be prescribed to help with discomfort.
- Avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activity for about a week.
- Spotting or light bleeding is normal for a few days.
- Contact your doctor if you experience severe pain, heavy bleeding, or signs of infection.
Possible Risks and Complications
- Bleeding or infection at the incision site.
- Injury to nearby organs (bladder, bowel, or blood vessels).
- Adverse reaction to anesthesia.
- Formation of new adhesions.
- Hernia at the incision site (rare).
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Is diagnostic laparoscopy painful?
You will be under general anesthesia during the procedure, so you won’t feel pain. Mild cramping and soreness afterward are normal.
2. How long is the recovery time?
Most women recover within a week, but full recovery can take up to two weeks.
3. Will I need stitches?
Yes, the small incisions are typically closed with dissolvable stitches or surgical glue.
4. Can laparoscopy improve fertility?
Yes, treating endometriosis or adhesions through laparoscopy may improve fertility.
5. Can I get pregnant after laparoscopy?
Yes, many women are able to conceive after treatment of endometriosis or adhesions.
6. How soon can I have sex after laparoscopy?
It’s recommended to wait about one week or until any vaginal bleeding or soreness has stopped.
7. Are there any long-term complications?
Most women recover without issues. Rare complications include adhesions, hernias, or organ injury.