A well woman exam is an essential part of maintaining women’s health. These annual exams help detect and prevent potential health issues, including breast and cervical cancer, osteoporosis, and other gynecological concerns. For women aged 65 and older, a DEXA scan is often included to assess bone health and screen for osteoporosis.
Components of a Well Woman Exam
- Medical History: A review of current and past health issues, medications, and family history.
- Physical Exam: Assessment of overall health, including weight, blood pressure, and heart health.
- Breast Exam: Manual examination of the breasts to detect any lumps or abnormalities.
- Pelvic Exam: Examination of the vagina, cervix, uterus, and ovaries to check for abnormalities.
- Pap Test: Collection of cervical cells to screen for cervical cancer.
- HPV Test: Screening for human papillomavirus, which can cause cervical cancer.
- Lab Tests: Blood work to monitor cholesterol, glucose levels, and other health markers.
Importance of DEXA Scans at Age 65 and Older
- Bone Density Assessment: Measures the strength of bones and risk for fractures.
- Osteoporosis Diagnosis: Helps diagnose osteoporosis before fractures occur.
- Monitoring Treatment: Tracks the effectiveness of osteoporosis treatments.
- Fracture Risk: Predicts the likelihood of future fractures.
- Baseline for Future Tests: Establishes a baseline to compare future changes in bone density.
Who Should Have a DEXA Scan?
- Women aged 65 and older.
- Younger postmenopausal women with risk factors for osteoporosis.
- Women with a history of fractures after menopause.
- Women with a family history of osteoporosis.
- Women taking medications that weaken bones (e.g., steroids).
Preparation for a Well Woman Exam
- Schedule at the Right Time: Avoid scheduling the exam during your period if possible.
- Avoid Vaginal Products: Refrain from using tampons, creams, or douches 24 hours before the exam.
- Bring Medical Information: List of medications, supplements, and health concerns.
- Dress Comfortably: Wear easily removable clothing for ease during the exam.
- Prepare Questions: Write down any health-related questions or concerns to discuss with your doctor.
Treatment and Recommendations After the Exam
- Follow up on any abnormal test results.
- Start or adjust medications based on findings.
- Discuss contraception options if needed.
- Receive lifestyle recommendations for diet, exercise, and mental health.
- Schedule future screenings or follow-ups as advised by your doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. How often should I have a well woman exam?
An annual well woman exam is recommended for most women starting in their early 20s.
2. At what age should I stop having Pap tests?
Pap tests may be discontinued after age 65 if you’ve had normal results for several years.
3. How long does a DEXA scan take?
A DEXA scan typically takes about 10 to 20 minutes.
4. Are DEXA scans painful?
No, DEXA scans are non-invasive and painless.
5. How often should I have a DEXA scan?
Every two years, or more frequently if you are at high risk for osteoporosis.
6. What happens if my bone density is low?
Your doctor may recommend medications, dietary changes, and weight-bearing exercises.
7. Is a pelvic exam necessary if I’ve had a hysterectomy?
Yes, depending on your medical history and symptoms, a pelvic exam may still be recommended.